Freemasonry

In India

If you haven't read the item headed "What is Freemasonry?", you are advised to do so now. Freemasonry came to India during the British Raj. It was brought here by the English, the Scottish and the Irish, all of whom established their Lodges in this country, with their own Rules and practices, which are called "Constitutions". Until the early 1960's, therefore, there were three Masonic Constitutions in India, viz. The English, Scottish and Irish, owing allegiance to their respective Grand Lodges headquartered in London, Edinburgh and Dublin.

To begin with, membership was restricted only to expatriates, but over time all three Constitutions conferred membership to Indians as well, first to Royalty and Nobility, and later to the laity. The word “Constitution” as used in the Masonic context can be misleading. A Masonic Constitution should not be confused with the country’s National Constitution. It would be well to stress here that all Masons holding Indian citizenship owe their allegiance to the India’s National Constitution, irrespective of the Masonic Constitution they belong to.

In the early 1960’s, several Masons of all three Masonic Constitutions, got together to establish the Grand Lodge of India, headquartered in Delhi, and many eminent Indians and their Lodges chose to be affiliated with this newly formed Grand Lodge. All four Masonic Constitutions are currently operational in India, with the Grand Lodge of India having the largest membership.

English Freemasonry has traditionally divided its worldwide geographical reach into Provinces (within the UK) and Districts (outside the UK). For Masonic administrative purposes, the area of Masonic operations in India is divided into four Districts, viz. the Districts of Bengal, Madras, Bombay and Northern India. Each District has affiliated to it several Lodges in various locations throughout its geographical footprint. All four Districts have their respective District Grand Masters, their own Boards of Governance, their own set of By-laws, their own charity programs, etc. Though each District is essentially autonomous, all share a very close relationship with one another as well as with the three other Constitutions. Reciprocal inter-District and inter-Constitution visitations to one another’s events are a regular feature of Masonry in India; they help keep fraternal relations warm and the fraternity alive.

Dual membership between the English, Scottish and Irish Lodges further help to strengthen the already close bonds between them, which have existed since Masonry became active in India.